Article Document Academic Article Information Content Entity Continuant Continuant Journal Article Entity Entity Generically Dependent Continuant 2025-06-23T23:34:18 RDF description of Recurrent pulmonary embolism despite inferior vena cava filter placement in patients with the antiphospholipid syndrome - http://repository.healthpartners.com/individual/document-rn18695 Anticoagulants/therapeutic use Recurrence 26034 Recurrent pulmonary embolism despite inferior vena cava filter placement in patients with the antiphospholipid syndrome 1 public document-rn18695 *Vena Cava Filters <p>In patients at risk for pulmonary emboli, consideration is often given to placement of an inferior vena cava (IVC) filter to prevent propagation of a distal thrombus. However, long-term benefits remain controversial, and deep venous thrombosis and IVC thrombosis may result from the procedure itself. Whether a filter if beneficial or even detrimental in patients with the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is unclear. We reviewed clinical outcomes in 2 patients who had IVC filter placement years before the diagnosis of the APS and 1 who had a contraindication to anticoagulation. Recurrent pulmonary emboli were seen despite the presence of the filter. IVC pathology sometimes revealed thrombus both proximal and distal to the IVC filter. Pulmonary emboli in the APS may be secondary to deep venous thrombosis (DVT). They may also occur secondary to a cardiac source or in situ thrombosis in the pulmonary vessels. An IVC filter will not be of benefit if the heart or the lungs are the primary source for the emboli. It may also not protect against propagation of a more distal thrombus if collateral vessels develop around the filter or a thrombus is present on the proximal side of the filter. Recurrence of pulmonary emboli after a filter placement should alert the clinician to the possibility of a hypercoagulable state such as APS. Clinicians need to assess risks and benefits carefully before placing a permanent IVC filter in patients with APS. Whether a temporary or retrievable filter is safer in APS and more effective is unknown at the present time.<p> 15727 Journal of Clinical Rheumatology 10.1097/01.rhu.0000152150.01274.1b Venous Thrombosis/diagnosis/etiology/prevention & control Pulmonary Embolism/*etiology/prevention & control Antiphospholipid Syndrome/*complications 2022-02-21T22:48:57.408-06:00 11